中文摘要：

以福建建瓯万木林自然保护区内的杉木人工林土壤为研究对象,设置单独添加生物炭、单独添加凋落物以及混合添加凋落物和生物炭处理,进行一年的室内培养实验,研究不同添加物处理对土壤性质及微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明：与对照（S）相比,单独添加凋落物与混合添加凋落物和生物炭均使土壤磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）总量、真菌丰度以及真菌/细菌比值显著增加;单独添加生物炭与混合添加凋落物和生物炭均使革兰氏阳性细菌/革兰氏阴性细菌比值显著增加。混合添加凋落物和生物炭处理的放线菌丰度显著高于单独添加凋落物处理的。主成分分析表明,不同添加物处理的土壤微生物群落结构存在显著差异;典范对应分析表明,不同添加物处理通过改变土壤p H、全碳、全氮、C/N、可溶性有机碳（DOC）和可溶性有机氮（DON）等性质,进而影响土壤微生物群落结构。

英文摘要：

Biochar is a kind of carbon-rich solid material prepared out of biomass through pyrolysis in an oxygen-limited environment. Recently,it has been attracting more and more attention. Biochar amendment into soil is thought to be a good approach to carbon sequestration,which may in turn improve soil physical and chemical properties,such as nutrient and water holding capacity,soil fertility and crop yield. However,how biochar affects soil microbe is still a topic that needs further study. Soil microbial communities are sensitive to biochar amendment,and microbial community structure varies significantly with type of biochar. However,little is known about effects of the amendment of biochar together with litter on soil microbial communities in artificial forests in Subtropical China. In this paper,an investigation was conducted of impacts of fir（Cunninghamia lanceolata）litter and its biochar on soil properties and microbial community structure in a fir plantation in the Jianou Wanmulin Nature Reserve of Fujian Province,in the hope of providing some valuable information for rational utilization of the biomass resources and management of carbon sequestration in the artificial forest in Subtropical China. The biochar was prepared out of fir litter through pyrolysis at three different temperatures,350 ℃,550 ℃ and 750 ℃. Soil samples were collected from the plantation,and prepared into eight treatments by amending fir litter,biochar or both,separately,such as：（1）control soil（S）;（2）soil＋litter（S＋L）;（3）soil＋350 ℃ biochar（S＋BC350）;（4）soil＋550 ℃ biochar（S＋BC550）;（5）soil＋750 ℃ biochar（S＋BC750）;（6）soil＋litter＋350 ℃ biochar（S＋L＋BC350）;（7）soil＋litter＋550 ℃ biochar（S＋L＋BC550）;（8）soil＋litter＋750 ℃ biochar（S＋L＋BC750）,and the litter and biochar was added both at a rate of 2% of the dry soil mass. All the soil samples were incubated in the dark at 25 ℃ for 364 d. At the end of the incubation,the soil samples