中文摘要：

4·20芦山强烈地震造成震中地区大量的房屋特别是砌体结构房屋产生严重破坏。根据现场调查结果,分析了砌体结构房屋墙体、楼梯间、屋盖系统及附属构件的震害及原因。分析结果表明：砌体结构墙体破坏形式多样,现行规范所要求的砌体结构墙体抗震设计存在一定的局限性;楼梯间周边墙体破坏严重,是砌体结构房屋抗震的薄弱环节;突出屋面的楼梯间小塔楼的震损比较普遍,建议在高烈度地区谨慎使用突出屋面的楼梯间小塔楼;砖木结构横墙山尖极易发生震害;农村民房应重视圈梁和构造柱的设置。

英文摘要：

Many buildings suffered various damage especially masonry structures in earthquake-stricken areas during Lushan Earthquake on April 20th in 2013. Based on field investigation results, the seismic performance of walls, stuireases, roof systems and non-structural components were presented as well as its reasons. Analysis results show that various types of damage to masonry wall are observed and seismic design of masonry walls has limitations according to methods of current codes. Surrounding wails around staircases are damaged seriously, and these walls are weak parts in seismic design. Prominent of staircase small tower on the roof is damaged generally, so usage of such towers in high seismic intensity regions is not recommended. Pediments of transverse walls, in brick-wood structure are prone to damage. Ring beam and constructional column should be set in rural masonry structures.