中文摘要：

硫化氢（H_2S）一直被认为是一种有毒气体,作为第三种气体信号分子,H_2S在生物体中的生理功能逐渐被揭示。植物中H_2S信号研究在不到10年时间已取得了长足进步。植物体内H_2S的生成酶比动物细胞丰富,定位于细胞质、线粒体和叶绿体等多个亚细胞部位,表达具有时空性。目前,植物领域H_2S的功能研究主要采用药理学方法。随着研究的深入,遗传学证据不断加强。内源H_2S的研究手段也在不断进步,从亚甲基蓝间接测定,发展到气/液相色谱、荧光探针、活体电极等直接检测手段。植物中H_2S的生理功能研究主要集中在对干旱、重金属等环境非生物胁迫的缓解作用及机理,也有一些植物生长发育调控方面的报道。目前了解到,H_2S可通过与植物激素、其它气体信号分子、活性氧等相互作用以及蛋白质巯基化修饰等方式发挥生理功能。虽然植物气体信号的研究有其特殊性,也遇到很多困难,但是H_2S信号的广泛而特殊的生理功能是一个具有重要科学意义和应用前景的研究领域。

英文摘要：

Hydrogen sulfide（H_2S）,the third gasotransmitter,was first known as poisonous and its physiological function has been uncovered increasingly in living organism.In less than a decade,significant research progresses on the H_2S signal in plants were achieved.H_2S synthetases,which are located in various subcellular fractions such as cytoplasm,mitochondria and chloroplast,are more abundant in plants than in animals and show a spatio-temporal expression pattern.Pharmaceutical method is the primary way to study H_2S function at present and genetic evidences are growing constantly.In addition,tools for studying endogenous H_2S is changing from indirect method such as methylene blue measurement to direct gas/liquid chromatography,fluorescent probe or active electrode monitoring.Recent studies for the physiological effects of H_2S in plants are mainly focused on the alleviating effects and mechanisms of abiotic stresses such as drought or heavy metal.There are also reports focused on studying the effects of H_2S on the regulation of plant growth and development.It is found that H_2S displays physiological effects either through interactions with phytohormone,other gasotransmitters and reactive oxygen,or through sulfhydrylation modification of proteins and so on.Though the specificity of plant gasotransmitter makes it difficult to study,the extensive and peculiar physiological functions of H_2S signal always own the scientific significance and the application prospect now and into the future.