中文摘要：

对大兴安岭冻土湿地植物的生态特征和分布区型进行了分析。结果表明，调查的24个冻土湿地共有201种植物，隶属于40个科、121个属。其中，菊科和蔷薇科的种类最多，占所有植物种类的26．8％。在5种生活型中，地面芽植物的种类最多，占71％；高位芽和地下芽植物分别占13％和12％；地上芽和1年生植物各占2％。在4种水分生态型中，中生、湿生、沼生和旱生植物的种类分别占61％、28％、8％和3％。在4种分布区型中，温带性质分布型的种数最多；受高山及高纬度地理位置的影响，亚寒带一寒带性质分布型的种数次之。冻土湿地植物的生态特征表明，该地区具有夏季较短、冬季严寒而漫长的气候特征，以及土壤水分条件有向中生性发展的趋势。对大兴安岭冻土湿地植物生态特征的研究对进一步研究该区的环境变化以及冻土湿地的退化具有重要价值。

英文摘要：

An investigation was made on the ecological characteristics and areal types of the plants in 24 permafrost wetlands in the Great Hing＇ an Mountains. There were 201 plant species, belonging to 40 families and 121 genera. The species of Compositae and Rosaceae were dominant, occupying 26.8% of the total. In five life forms, hemicryptophytes occupied 71%, phanerophytes and geophytes occupied 13% and 12%, and chamaephytes and therophytes occupied 2%, respectively. In four hydro-ecotypes, mesophytes occupied 61%, and hygrophytes, helophytes, and xerophils occupied 28%, 8%, and 3%, respectively. In four areal types, the plants of temperate zone were the most. Due to the high altitude and high latitude, the plants of sub-frigid and frigid zones took second place. All the results indicated that the study area had a short summer and a long and cold winter, and the soil moisture tended to be moderate. This study would have important value to further studies on the environmental change and the degeneration of permafrost wetlands in the Great Hing＇ an Mountains.