中文摘要：

首先采用Visual MINTEQ 3.1软件模拟了不同pH及不同浓度的碳酸盐或磷酸盐溶液中不同形态铀所占的比例;随后根据模拟结果,配制了5种分别含有UO2^2＋、（UO2）3（OH）5^＋、UO2（OH）3^-、UO2（CO3）3^4-和UO2PO4^-的铀溶液;最后通过水培实验研究了满江红对这5种不同形态铀的吸附行为.结果表明,这5种不同形态铀对满江红的生长抑制率有显著差异,UO2^2＋、（UO2）3（OH）5^＋、UO2（OH）3^-及UO2（CO3）3^4-均能抑制满江红的生长,其中,UO2^2＋对满江红的生长抑制率最高,而UO2PO4^-则可以促进满江红的生长,但满江红对UO2^2＋和（UO2）3（OH）5^＋的吸附效率相对较高.当溶液中铀的浓度为2 mg·L^-1时,UO2^2＋对满江红的富集量和富集系数分别达到了3831 mg·kg^-1和1916,（UO2）3（OH）5^＋对满江红的富集量和富集系数分别达到了3057 mg·kg^-1和1529.可见,要提高满江红对水中铀的去除率和富集量,应将溶液中铀的形态调控为以UO2^2＋或（UO2）3（OH）5^＋为主,同时要降低溶液中碳酸盐和磷酸盐的含量.

英文摘要：

Visual MINTEQ 3.1 was used to estimate the proportions of different species of uranium in solutions under different pH and carbonate and phosphate concentrations. Then,based on the simulation results,5 solutions containing UO2^2＋,（ UO2）3（ OH）5^＋,UO2（ OH）3^-,UO2（ CO3）4~（3-）and UO2PO^4-,respectively,were prepared. Finally,the adsorption behavior of the 5 different species of uranium by Azolla anabaena was studied through hydroponic experiments. The results show that the inhibition of A. anabaena growth rates by different species of uranium were significantly different.（ UO2）3（ OH）5^＋,UO2（ OH）3^- and UO2（ CO3）3^4- inhibited,and UO2^2＋inhibited most on the growth of A. anabaena,but UO2PO^4- promoted its growth. On the other hand,the adsorption efficiencies of UO2^2＋ and （ UO2）3（ OH）5^＋by A. anabaena were relatively high. When the concentration of uranium in solution was 2 mg·L^-1,the bioaccumulation amount and bioaccumulation factor of UO2^2＋by A. anabaena reached 3831 mg·kg^-1 and 1916,respectively,and its bioaccumulation amount and bioaccumulation factor for（ UO2）3（ OH）＋5were 3057 mg·kg^-1 and 1529,respectively. Therefore,in order to increase the removal rate of uranium from water and the bioaccumulation amount of uranium by A. anabaena,the main species of uranium in solution should be regulated to UO2^2＋ or （ UO2）3（ OH）5,and the concentrations of carbonate and phosphate in solution should be reduced.