中文摘要：

随着海洋电磁法的研究逐渐转向浅水域,海洋瞬变电磁法得到了更多的关注.瞬变电磁法相比频域电磁法,对浅水域海底高阻油气藏具有更高的分辨率,并且瞬变电磁法能够有效的分离空气波与海底地层响应.近几年来,海洋瞬变电磁法得到了快速的发展.本文回顾了海洋瞬变电磁法的历史发展与现状,总结了海洋瞬变电磁法的三维正反演理论的最新进展,并对海洋瞬变电磁法的各种装置类型进行了相关评述.目前海洋瞬变电磁法的问题主要在于数据采集成本高,没有很好的集成到整个勘探流程系统中.未来发展方向包括（1）探索新的装置系统,节约数据采集成本,提高海洋瞬变电磁法的市场竞争力.（2）海洋瞬变电磁法与其他方法的联合解释技术,提高海洋瞬变电磁法数据解释的有效性.（3）海洋瞬变电磁法的三维正反演理论的进一步发展.

英文摘要：

Marine transient electromagnetic method has been much attention when the hydrocarbon exploration turning to shallow water.This method has higher resolution for characterizing offshore hydrocarbon reservoirs than frequency-domain method. And the transient electromagnetic method can effectively separate the air waves influence from the response of underground resistivity targets.Marine transient electromagnetic method has been rapid development in recent years. This paper reviews the development history and current situation, recent progress for the threedimensional forward and inversion and a variety of configurations types of marine transient electromagnetic method. The problem of marine transient electromagnetic method mainly lies in the high cost of data collection,and not well integrated into the entire exploration process system. Research directions presently include exploring new configuration system to save data acquisition costs, integrated geophysical method to improve the effectiveness of data interpretation,and further development of three-dimensional forward and inverse theory.