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中文摘要：
组蛋白的乙酰化与去乙酰化在人体生理性基因表达中具有重要意义。组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDACs）使组蛋白去乙酰化、染色质凝聚及抑制转录。哺乳类动物细胞中存在5类HDACs（Ⅰ类,Ⅱa类,Ⅱb类,Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类）。与其他HDACs不同的是,Ⅱa类（HDAC4,5,7,9）在特定细胞类型中表达,如骨骼肌、心肌、平滑肌、骨骼、免疫系统、心血管系统和大脑。HDAC4主要表达于增殖软骨细胞与前肥大软骨细胞,通过与组蛋白及其他转录因子相互作用调控软骨细胞增殖、分化、肥大化及软骨内骨化。本文主要总结了近年来人们所发现的关于HDAC4调控软骨与骨发育的机制。
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