中文摘要：

电磁轨道炮作为一种新概念动能武器系统,与传统火炮相比具有发射动能高、攻击距离远等优点。电磁轨道炮利用脉冲电流产生的强磁场与电流产生的洛伦磁力来产生推动力,而轨道表面的电流分布会对电磁轨道炮的寿命、性能等产生重要的影响。通过二维边界元方法,采用自编程序对比模拟了几种不同形状轨道的表面线电流分布,计算结果表明：通过倒角、采用椭圆弧面以及几何参数的适当选取等方法可以抑制电流密度聚集效应,增大轨道内侧表面电流密度幅值,优化轨道表面线电流分布,为轨道炮的实验设计提供了合理的参考方案。

英文摘要：

As a new concept of kinetic energy weapon,the electromagnetic railgun has such advantages as high kinetic energy and long attack distance. The driving force is the Lorentz force produced by the current in the strong magnetic field. The current distributions in the rail surface play an important role in the life span and performance of an electromagnetic launcher. The current density distribution were investigated using self-compiled codes based on the 2D-boundary element method. The results showed that chamfer,elliptic surface selection and proper geometry parameters could restrain the current density assemble,enhance the current intensity of inner surface of the rail and optimize rail surface current distribution,which provided a reasonable reference for the experimental design of the railgun.