中文摘要：

三维空间拓扑关系是空间关系研究领域的重要问题。该文分析了三维空间拓扑关系的研究进展和存在的问题，以点集拓扑理论为基础，提出用于描述复杂体目标之间三维拓扑关系的点邻域模型，以15种点邻域结构涵盖三维空间中两个体目标之间任意一点的归属关系，基于点邻域结构设计了描述体目标之间三维拓扑关系的编码。典型三维拓扑关系实例的比较分析表明，对于9IM模型所能区分的三维拓扑关系，点邻域模型均可区分；对于一些复杂的9IM模型无法区分的三维拓扑关系，点邻域模型仍然给出了唯一的描述结果。因此，点邻域模型区分出的复杂体目标之间拓扑关系的种类更多，对三维拓扑关系的描述更加精确。

英文摘要：

Three dimensional spatial topological relationships is one important issue in the spatial relationship research. After a discussion of some recent studies focusing around three dimensional spatial topological relationships, the Point Neighborhood Model（PNM） is presented for the description of three dimensional topological relationships between complex volume objects, which is based on the Point-Set Topological theory. In this model, there are 15 neighborhood structures which are possible for any point in Ra where two volumes are embedded. As a result, based on neighborhood structure, the topological relationship en- coding for two volume objects have been defined. The comparison on classical 3D topology shows that, these topological relation- ships that 9IM models can classified and identified have been distinguished, while these topological relationships that 9IM rood els can not distinguished have been classified and identified clearly by PNM model. PNM model is more powerful than 9IM based models in terms of differentiating topological relationships between two volume objects, especially complex volumes.