中文摘要：

水通道蛋白（aquaporin,AQP）是一种对水分子具有高选择性和渗透性的跨膜蛋白。近几年来,含AQP的仿生膜有望克服传统膜材料通量与截留率之间的上限平衡问题,因此,它在海水淡化和水处理领域的应用吸引了越来越多研究者的关注。本文对含AQP仿生渗透膜的制备方法及性能进行了综述,分别介绍了含AQP双层膜结构仿生膜和封装含AQP囊泡的仿生膜这两大类膜结构所对应的不同制备方法。同时,对含AQP仿生膜中膜结构的组成方式、装载AQP蛋白的囊泡材料、制膜过程中的操作条件等因素对膜结构和性能的影响进行了探究讨论。综合文中所述不同膜的膜性能,得出现阶段含AQP仿生膜还存在着膜面积小、膜机械强度不够高、AQP装载量较低及易受外界因素影响的缺陷,并提出在克服膜缺陷的同时寻找其他仿生水通道及离子通道的思路,使未来仿生膜获得更宽阔的发展道路。

英文摘要：

Aquaporins（ AQPs） are w ell-know n permeaselective transmembrane proteins w hich can be incorporated into biomimetic membranes as w ater channels for sea w ater desalination and w ater treatment. Ow ing to the incorporation of excellent w ater channels,AQPs containing biomimetic membranes have attracted more and more interests. The latest development in this fascinating area of membrane research and development are review ed in this paper. The approaches for designing and fabricating AQPs containing biomimetic membranes are described and analyzed, moreover, the improvements of membrane performances are also review ed. The challenges and limitations of AQP containing biomimetic membranes such as difficult to scale up and low AQP loaded are addressed based on the analysis of membranes performance. Finally,a new idea for finding other novel channels is suggested and the future prospects of AQP containing biomimetic membranes in desalination and w ater treatments are outlined.