目的:探讨我国优秀女子橄榄球运动员心脏形态功能特点。方法:运用超声心动图技术分析14名优秀女子橄榄球运动员(橄榄球组)和15名普通女大学生的心脏形态和功能。并与我国优秀体能类运动员超声指标进行比较。结果:橄榄球组心脏结构指标左心室舒张末期后壁厚度(LVPW)、左心室舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVS)、左心室心肌重量(LVM)、左心室心肌质量指数(LVMI)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LYESD)、左室舒张末容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积指数(LVEDVI)、LVMULVEDVI均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01),但相对室壁厚度(RWT)两组间差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。橄榄球组心脏功能指标每搏输出量(SV)高于对照组,但射血分数(EF)和缩短分数(FS)低于对照组。差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。与我国体能类运动员相比,女子橄榄球运动员心肌厚度指标IVS、LVPW处于中等偏下水平,心腔形态指标LVEDD、LVESD、LVEDV、LVESV处于上等水平;心脏功能指标SV处于上等水平,但EF、FS处于中等偏下水平。结论:我国优秀女子橄榄球员心脏倾向于向心性肥大,心脏泵血功能显著高于普通人。在优秀运动员中也属较高水平,具有较高的心功能储备。
Objective To access cardiac structure and function of Chinese elite female rugby athletes. Methods Echocardiography was used to study the cardiac structure and function of 14 female rugby athletes and 15 female college students. Results The LVPW,IVS,LVM,LVMI,LVEDD,LVESD, LVEDV ,LVESV, LVEDVI, LVMI/LVEDVI, SV in rugby players group were significantly better than that in college students group (P 〈 0.01). Compared to the data of athletes in endurance events,the rugby players' IVS and LVPW were in the lower-middle level;LVEDD,LVESD,LVEDV,LVESV and SV in the upper level;EF and FS in middle level. Conclusion Chinese elite female rugby athletes have concentric hypertrophy with higher cardiac function.