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中文摘要：
针对航空公司备件保障中如何以合理备件费用最大化机队可用度问题，根据维修组织结构及备件送修过程在建模过程中的影响，建立了基于METRIC（multi—echelon technology for recoverable item contr01）理论的多级库存优化模型。首先，分析了两级库存系统中备件的状态转移流程；其次，根据波音模型的求解过程，对比给出多级库存模型；再次，以备件短缺总量为目标、费用为约束，利用边际分析法进行多级库存优化求解；最后，以某航空公司购买的波音737—800的初始备件为对象，运用METRIC理论对其数量进行优化，并分别以相同费用或相同的总短缺量为条件进行对比，结果证明了METRIC模型的优越性。
英文摘要：
A multi--echelon inventory model based on METRIC（（multi--echelon technology for recoverable item control） theory was proposed to maximize the fleet availability with reasonable spare part costs for airlines according to the maintenance organization structure. First of all, the condition transition process of spare parts in a two--echelon system was described. Then, the multi--echelon in- ventory models were respectively proposed in accordance with the steps of Boeing models. Next, the marginal analysis method was applied to find the optimal position of spare parts among bases and dep- ot. Finally,the METRIC models was used to optimize the initial spare parts number of Boeing 737-- 800 for one airline and compared. The results show that the multi--echelon inventory model has obvi- ous advantages, and can provide the theory and technical support for airlines.
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