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海洋浮游细菌在东海赤潮高发区的分布与活性

期刊名称：环境科学
时间：2010.2.2
页码：287-295
分类：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：[1]厦门大学滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室,厦门大学生命科学学院,厦门361005, [2]国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012, [3]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,杭州310021, [4]厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,厦门361005
相关基金：国家高技术研究发展计划（863）项目（2008AA09ZA08）;国家自然科学基金项目（40876061,40930847,30940002,30800033）;国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室开放基金项目（LMEB200601）;长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目（40821063）;致谢：本研究工作承中国科学院海洋研究所俞志明、宋秀贤老师支持与帮助,国家海洋局第二海洋研究所朱德弟老师提供MC2006航次现场温盐数据,特此致以诚挚的感谢!
相关项目：我国近海海洋细菌的生态过程及关键菌群影响赤潮生消的机理

关键词：赤潮, 东海, 浮游细菌, 胞外酶活性, 细菌群落结构, harmful algae blooms （HABs）, East China Sea, bacterioplankton, extraeellular enzyme activity （EEA）, bacterial community structure

中文摘要：

于2006年4～5月对东海近海28°～30．7°N之间的赤潮高发区浮游细菌的分布、活性和群落结构特征进行了调查．采用荧光显微计数法测定细菌丰度，荧光模拟底物法测定细菌胞外酶活性，PCR—DGGE分析该区域的细菌群落结构特征．结果表明，东海赤潮高发区的浮游细菌丰度在5．85×10^4～9．26×10^5cells·mL^-1之间，其中舟山外海区域较高，在整个调查区域北部海域高于南部海域．β-葡萄糖苷酶的平均活性为0．023μmol·（L·h）^-1，氨肽酶的平均活性约为其3．6倍，在5μm以上颗粒中的胞外酶活性平均占总活性分别为47．4％和44．24％．细菌胞外酶活性的分布与细菌丰度的分布无相关性，在整个调查区域南部海域高于北部海域．细菌群落结构和多样性差异较大，南部海域的细菌多样性低于北部海域．人类活动和陆源输入是影响浮游细菌分布的决定性因素，台湾暖流对细菌胞外酶活性及其分布有着决定性的影响，复杂的环境条件是细菌群落结构和多样性差异的主要原因之一．海洋细菌在东海赤潮高发区的生态作用有待进一步研究．

英文摘要：

The distribution, activity and community structure of bacterioplankton in surface water were investigated at frequent harmful algae blooms （HABs） area in East China Sea （28°-30.7°N） from April to May, 2006. The abundance of bacterioplankton was determined by using the DAPI （4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole） direct count （DDC） method. The β-glucosidase and aminopeptidase activity were measured with fluorogenic model substrates. And the bacterial community structure was analyzed by PCR-DGGE. Results showed that bacterial abundance in northern of the sampling area was much more than that in southern of the sampling area. It ranged from 5.85 × 104cells · mL^-1 to 9.26 × 10^5cells · mL^-1. And there was the highest value area outer the costal of Zhou Shah Island. The average aminopeptidase activity was 3.6 times of β-glucosidase activity which was 0. 023 μmol · （ L · h） ^-1 in this area. The β- glucosidase activity in 〉 5μm fraction contributed 47.4% of the total, and that of the aminopeptidase activity was 44. 24% of the total. Bacterial extracellular enzyme activity had a higher average value in southern of the sampling area. This indicated that the bacterial activity had no direct relationship with bacterial abundance. Bacterial diversity and community structure differed from each sampling station. There were more divers in northern sampling area. The results suggested that the human being activity and continental inputting organic matters played a key role on the distribution of bacterial abundance. The distribution of bacterial extraeellular enzyme activity was mainly affected by the Taiwan warm current. And it was the complicated unknown factors that caused the difference of the bacterial community structure and diversity from each sampling station. Obviously, it needed further work to enhance the knowledge of the ecological function of the bacterioplankton at frequent HABs area of the coastal water in East China Sea.