中文摘要：

近期珠宝市场上出现一些在内部结构、风化面、质地和颜色等方面与翡翠及其相似的赝品。出现的仿冒翡翠赝品有闪石类岩石、白云质大理岩、斜长石、阳起石和钙长石等。采用红外光谱仪、拉曼光谱仪、X光粉晶衍射仪和电子探针等仪器和其他检测手段对比较典型的翡翠原料赝品进行鉴定和分析。提供了近期翡翠原料赝品品种、相关检测数据和外部特征。在此基础之上，对光谱仪器在翡翠检测中的应用和特点进行了归纳和总结。讨论了红外光谱仅、拉曼光谱仪、X光粉晶衍射仪在检测翡翠“B”货中的应用。这些分析数据和图片对于目前翡翠成品和翡翠原料的鉴定、评估和商贸有较高的参考价值和意义。

英文摘要：

Infrared spectrometer, Raman spectrometer, EPMA, and X-ray powder diffractometer are very effective equipments for the identification of jadeite. Some kinds of raw jadeite fakes occurred in the identification and jewelry market recently. With the methods of infrared spectrometer, Raman spectrophotometer, EPMA, and X-ray powder diffractometer etc. , these typical fakes have been systematically studied. These fakes have superficial resemblances such as texture, outer characters and color of minerals in rocks. The relevant information of these fakes has been obtained. Meanwhile, several kinds of rough materials with fake weathering crust and cutting groove were analyzed. These identification methods were compared with each other. Type-B can be tested by infrared spectrometer, Raman spectrophotometer, and X-ray powder diffractometer. The present paper means a lot for the identification, evaluation and business of jadeite.