中文摘要：

分别采用嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌（At.f）、嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌（At.t）以及中度嗜热西伯利亚硫杆菌（S.s）对雌黄进行浸出。结果表明：嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌浸出雌黄的效果较好,浸出过程是细菌直接与矿物作用;中温菌浸出雌黄则主要通过将Fe^2＋氧化成Fe^3＋,再由Fe^3＋氧化溶解矿物,浸出后期在矿物表面生成覆盖层;嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌很难在雌黄矿浆中生长;添加适量表面活性剂Tween-80能有效改善矿物表面润湿性,促进Fe^3＋对砷的浸出,但对细菌生长会造成影响,抑制细菌直接浸出。

英文摘要：

The orpiment was bioleached with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans（At.f） ,Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans（At.t） and Sulfobacillus sibiricu（S.s） in batch experiments.The results show that the orpiment can be leached with T.t and S.s,but At.f can not grow in the slurry.At.t and S.s show different mechanisms during the bioleaching of orpiment.In the At.t bioleaching,the dissolution of orpiment is mainly caused by the bacteria attached onto the mineral surface.In the S.s bioleaching,the orpiment is dissolved by Fe^ 3＋ that is generated by the bacterial oxidation of Fe^ 2＋,and the mineral surface is covered by precipitation during the later stage of the leaching process.The addition of surfactant Tween-80 can enhance the Fe^3 ＋leaching by improving the hydrophilicity of minerals,but inhibit the direct bacterial oxidation of orpiment.