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中文摘要：
在远场大气环境下的激光瞄准过程中，大气湍流效应会造成光束的漂移和扩展，从而影响激光器的瞄准精度。本文基于修正的Von Karman湍流谱和部分相干光在湍流大气中的传输理论，设计了高斯光波经过大气湍流后的光场模拟软件，并在一定气象条件下，通过一种激光光轴瞄准偏差测试系统进行外场实验。该测试系统光束直径≤9mm，接收部分为120mm大口径光学镜头。研究了3km范围内强湍流条件下光束的传输特性；结合实验数据，分析了在湍流大气中远场光传播时波束扩展对激光瞄准精度的影响。基于文中研究结果设计的瞄准偏差补偿方案可提高系统在大气能见度10km范围内的瞄准精度。在激光传输距离〈3km，斜程仰角为0～45°时，激光光斑偏移计算误差≤0．1mrad。
英文摘要：
In the laser aiming process at far-field atmosphere, the atmospheric turbulent will result in beam spreading and wandering and the pointing accuracy of a laser is dropped seriously. Based on the modified Von Karman turbulence spectrum and the theory of partially coherent beam propagating, a light field simulation software of Gaussian beam propagating though atmospheric turbulence was developed, and the transmission characteristics of beam propagating through far-field strong atmospheric turbulence were investigated in a certain meteorological condition. A test system with a laser optical axis in beam diameter less than 9 mm and a large-calibre receiving lens in 120 mm was designed measuring the dynamic aiming deviation. At the same time, the relationship between the beam spr for eading and the variation of gravity center of laser spot was investigated in the range of 3 km and the in fluence of the beam spreading on laser aiming accuracy was analysed. Based on above results,the compensation scheme for aiming deviation can improve the laser aiming accuracy in an atmospherical visible range of 10 km. When the laser transmission distance is less than 3 km and the angles of elevation are 0-45°,the deviation error of a laser spot is equal to or less than 0. 1 mrad.
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