中文摘要：

开展了针对沉陷移动变形对土壤物理性质影响的三维相似材料模拟实验研究,主要包括实验装置设计、相似常数分析、相似材料配制与铺设等关键内容,并分析了沉陷变形对土壤水分、土壤密度这两个关键土壤物理参数的作用规律。结果表明：为克服现场土壤取样客观存在的空间异质性问题,利用相似材料模拟实验研究开采沉陷对地表土壤关键物理性质的影响规律是可行性的;开采沉陷降低了整个沉陷区的土壤含水量,并增加了其空间离散程度;拉伸区土壤水含量受沉陷变形影响最为明显;土壤含水量降低程度与地表移动变形值具有较好的自然对数模型关系;开采沉陷同时也增加了沉陷区土壤密度的离散程度,在压缩区增大土壤密度,在拉伸区降低土壤密度,且土壤密度降低程度与水平变形值呈较好的负相关关系。

英文摘要：

This paper developed a method using similar simulation experiment to study the impact of mining subsidence and deformation on soil physical properties,including the design of experiment device,the analysis of similarity constant,preparing and laying similar material and other key contents. Furthermore,the influence characteristics of soil water content and bulk density affected by mining subsidence were analyzed. The results show that it is feasible to study the influence of mining subsidence on the key physical properties of surface soil by similar simulation experiment,and it can overcome the defect of spatial heterogeneity of field soil sampling. It proves that mining subsidence reduces the soil water content and increases its spatial dispersion in subsidence area,especially in stretch zone. The relationship between the decrease of water content and surface deformation appears natural logarithm. In terms of soil bulk density,mining subsidence increases its spatial dispersion. Moreover,mining subsidence increases the soil bulk density in compression zone,while reduces it in stretch zone. Besides,the relationship between the decrease of soil bulk density and horizontal deformation show a negative correlation.