中文摘要：

采用稳定碳同位素技术和树干液流法对华北低丘山区3 m×8 m核桃-菘蓝/决明子复合模式不同生长时期的水分利用效率、耗水量和产量等相关指标进行了研究。结果表明，复合模式的土壤含水量分别比单作核桃和单作药用植物高11．86％和21．06％；间作菘蓝水分利用效率在苗期高于单作菘蓝，在其它时期均小于单作菘蓝。间作决明子水分利用效率在各个时期均小于单作决明子；在复合系统中，单位土地面积上核桃与菘蓝的耗水比例是0．70∶1，核桃与决明子的耗水比例是1．79∶1。单作系统耗水量均高于间作系统，其中，单作核桃耗水量比间作核桃高10．90％，单作菘蓝和决明子耗水量分别是间作模式的1．65倍和2．17倍；单位面积土地上复合系统的产量均小于单作系统，而总收入分别是单作核桃和单作药用植物的1．47倍和1．24倍；复合模式的水分产值效率为17．84元· t-1· hm-2，比单作菘蓝和决明子的高24．32％；复合模式的产量土地当量比为1．98，较单作模式增产率达98％。总体上，核桃-菘蓝/决明子复合模式比单作系统耗水量少，水分利用效率提高、水资源获得高效利用，同时具备生产优势和经济优势，该模式进一步完善后可适当推广。研究结果对进一步丰富复合农林业水分生态理论，促进相关学科的发展，具有重要的指导意义。

英文摘要：

We studied water use efficiency , water use and yield of 3 m×8 m walnut （ Juglans regia L.）-woad （ Isatis indigotica F.）/cassia （ Cassia obtusifolia L.） intercropping system and monoculture system at different growth stages by stable carbon isotope technique and sap flow method in the low hilly area of North China .Soil water content of intercropping system were 11.86%and 21.06%greater, respectively, than that of monoculture walnut and medicinal plant system at each stage .Wa-ter use efficiency of the intercropping woad system at seedling stage was higher than that of monoculture system , and lower than that of monoculture system at later stages , and water use efficiency of the cassia in intercropping system was lower than that of monoculture system at each growth stage .In the walnut-woad intercropping , the ratio of water used by walnut and woad was 0.7∶1, and the ratio of water used by walnut and cassia was 1.79∶1.Water use of the monoculture system were higher than that of intercropping system , among them, water use of monoculture walnut was 10.90%higher than that of the intercropping walnut , water use of monoculture woad/cassia were 1.65 and 2.17 times, respectively, than that of in-tercropping woad/cassia.Although, the yield of each component in the intercropping system was less than the sole system , the total income of the agroforestry was higher than that of the sole systems , the yield in the intercropping system were 1.47 and 1.24 times than that in the sole walnut system and medicinal plant , respectively .Water value efficiency of output of in-tercropping system was 17.84 yuan/（ t· hm2 ） , 24.32%higher than that of the monoculture woad/cassia.Land equivalent ratio of intercropping system was 1.98, and the yield increasing rate was 98%compared with the monoculture system .Gen-erally, walnut-woad/cassia composite pattern takes less water than that of monoculture system , and improved water use ef-ficiency, at the same time they had advantages on the production and economical .T