中文摘要：

生物质能源具有环境友好、成本低廉、可再生可持续等众多优势。然而，生物质能源发酵生产依然面临非粮原料利用技术不成熟以及高渗、高温、产物胁迫、杂菌污染等诸多问题。其中杂菌污染是生物质能源发酵工业中长期以来不能彻底解决的问题。杂菌通常通过影响发酵环境、竞争底物及生存环境等方面抑制发酵，若不能得到有效控制，会严重影响产量，进而导致巨大的经济损失。传统的杂菌防控主要通过添加抗生素来实现，而其抗药性等问题日益突出，因而近年来涌现出的一些新的杂菌防控方法受到越来越多的关注。介绍了近年来关于生物乙醇及其它生物质能源发酵中杂菌污染产生的原因、杂菌污染抑制生物质能源发酵机制的研究进展，并对如何防控杂菌污染的研究进展进行了综述。

英文摘要：

Biomass energy has many advantages, and it is considered to be environmentally-friendly, low cost, renewable and sustainable. However, fermentation of biomass energy is still facing some issues, such as immature technology of non-food raw materials, hypertonic cells, high temperature, product stress, as well as bacterial contamination. Bacterial contamination is a long-standing problem that cannot be completely solved in the biomass fermentation industry. Bacteria usually inhibit fermentation by affecting the fermenting environment and competing substrate and survival environment, etc. If it cannot be effectively controlled, it will seriously affect the production, which may lead to huge economic losses. Traditional way to prevention and control bacterial contamination is adding antibiotics. But the resistance problems have become increasingly prominent, so some new bacteria-prevention methods are paid more and more attention. The recent progress on the causes of bacterial contamination in bio-ethanol and other biomass fermentation, the mechanism of bacterial contamination inhibiting biomass energy fermentation, and the research progress on bow to prevent and control bacterial contamination were discussed.