中文摘要：

为建立表面活性剂和营养盐强化电气石类芬顿联合微生物对PBDEs污染的高效土壤修复技术,分别选择两种氮源营养盐——氯化铵和硝酸铵,两种表面活性剂——TW-80和TX-100,考察它们的剂量及类型对电气石类芬顿去除土壤PBDEs效果及土壤真菌的影响.结果表明,高剂量的营养盐更能促进电气石类芬顿辅助微生物对PBDEs的降解,且修复效率最高可达75%;两种表面活性剂均能够促进电气石类芬顿辅助微生物对PBDEs的降解,降解效率最高可达76%.并且针对不同单体BDE,营养盐和表面活性剂均对促进低溴代联苯醚降解程度更高.氯化铵比硝酸铵更有利于土壤中微生物生长,且高浓度的营养盐促进土壤中真菌的生长和活性效果明显;TW-80比TX-100更有利于微生物生长,且较低浓度的表面活性剂促进土壤中真菌活性的效果更为明显.因此,不同类型营养盐和表面活性剂能够有效地强化电气石类芬顿联合微生物对PBDEs污染的土壤修复技术.

英文摘要：

The main object in the present study was to establish the efficient technology for remediation of PBDEs contaminated soil using surfactants and nutrients enhanced tourmaline-catalyzed Fenton-like oxidation combined with microorganisms. Two kinds of nutrient salts including ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate, and two types of surfactants such as Tween 80 and Triton 100, were selected to investigate effects of their different doses and types on the removal of PBDEs from soil and soil fungi. The results showed that high-dose nutrient promoted the degradation of PBDEs using tourmaline-catalyzed Fenton-like oxidation combined with microorganisms, and the removal efficiency was up to 75%. Both of surfactants could promote the degradation of PBDEs using tourmaline-catalyzed Fenton-like oxidation combined with microorganisms, and the degradation efficiency was up to 76%. For different individual BDEs, nutrients and surfactants could significantly enhance degradation of low brominated diphenyl ethers. Ammonium chloride was more beneficial to growth of soil microorganisms than ammonium nitrate, and high concentration of nutrients more obviously promoted growth of fungi in soil than their low concentration. TW-80 was more beneficial to microbial growth than TX-100, and lower concentration of surfactants was more effective in promoting fungal activities in soil. Therefore, the different types of nutrients and surfactants obviously enhanced the removal efficiency of PBDEs in soils using the technology of tourmaline-catalyzed Fenton-like oxidation combined with microorganisms.