中文摘要：

由华南农业大学植物分子育种实验室选育的水稻单片段代换系S42对野败型（WA型）和夜公型（Y型）细胞质雄性不育系均具有较强的恢复性。以野败型不育系珍汕97A和Y型不育系Y华农A为母本,单片段代换系S42为父本进行杂交,采用分子标记辅助选择和连续回交的方法构建了两个BC3F2群体。利用与第1、10染色体上恢复基因Rf3和Rf4两侧紧密连锁的SSR标记,从这两个BC3F2群体中筛选携带有基因型Rf3Rf3/rf4rf4和rf3rf3/Rf4Rf4的单株,对这些单株进行花粉和小穗育性观察,并利用205个多态性SSR标记对这些单株进行遗传背景分析,结果表明：1）在同一细胞核背景下（S42）,WA型不育细胞质的可恢复性好于Y型不育细胞质,单片段代换系S42中的恢复基因Rf4的恢复力大于Rf3;2）单片段代换系S42中的恢复基因对于珍汕97A和Y华农A表现出质量-数量性状的遗传。在单片段代换系S42中,除了主效恢复基因Rf3和Rf4外,微效基因或者修饰基因也表现出对珍汕97A和Y华农A的育性恢复作用,而且效应较大;3）在构建的两个BC3F2群体中,基因型Rf3Rf3/rf4rf4和rf3rf3/Rf4Rf4单株的遗传背景片段数平均为1.1,对应于恢复基因Rf3和Rf4座位的代换片段平均长度分别为14.5cM和17.4cM。

英文摘要：

A rice chromosome single segment substitution line（SSSL） S42,which is a strong restorer line for wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility（WA-CMS） and Y-CMS,was identified at the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding,South China Agricultural University.The genetic mode of fertility restorer（Rf） genes and the genetic relationship between WA-CMS and Y-CMS systems were characterized through the production of backcross populations.The SSSL S42 was used to pollinate WA-CMS line of Zhenshan 97A and Y-CMS line of Y-Huanong A and generated two BC3F2 populations by using marker-assisted selection and traditional backcrossing.Results were shown as the following： 1） In the genetic background of S42,WA-CMS was restored more easily than Y-CMS,and the effect of Rf4 appeared to be slightly larger than that of Rf3 for the two CMS systems;2） Two pairs of dominant genes Rf3 and Rf4 governed pollen fertility restoration,and modifying or minor genes also involved in the inheritance of restorer ability in S42,which indicates that the genetic mode of Rf genes was a qualitative-quantitative character for WA-CMS and Y-CMS systems;3） When 205 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic background and average length substituted chromosome segments（SCS） of the two BC3F2 individuals,the number of SCS carried by BC3F2 individuals with the genotypes of Rf3Rf3/rf4rf4 or rf3rf3/Rf4Rf4,was 1.1,while the average lengths of the SCS,corresponding to Rf3 and Rf4 loci,were 14.5 cM and 17.4 cM,respectively.