中文摘要：

采用景观生态学、生态系统服务评价、相关分析等方法,分析了若尔盖湿地国家自然保护区的景观格局变化趋势及其生态功能退化程度;基于社会经济统计资料与相应年份气象资料,对影响湿地景观格局与生态功能的自然因素和人文因素进行定性、定量分析,最终提取影响湿地景观格局与生态功能变化的主导因子。研究结果表明：1989—2012年,研究区内湿地整体面积及生态功能呈持续衰退趋势,湿地面积共减少了5 231.40 hm2;湿地景观形状趋于复杂化,几何质心向北、向东波动偏移,斑块类型呈多样化分布,景观破碎度先增大后减小,且呈波动态势发展;湿地景观破碎化及面积的缩小导致了其生态功能的衰退,其中固碳量累计减少约5.65万t,蓄水量减少了约4 149.33万m3;研究区湿地景观格局和生态功能变化是自然环境和人类活动综合作用的结果,但人类活动占据主导作用。

英文摘要：

By using the landscape ecology, ecosystem service evaluation, correlation analysis and other methods, it analyzed the change trend of the research area landscape pattern and the degradation degree of its ecological functions. Then the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the natural factors and humanity factors were utilized which influenced the landscape pattern and ecological functions based on the social economic statistics data and meteorological data that related to the year. Finally the dominant factors were distilled which influenced wetland landscape pattern and ecological function changes. The results show that during the period of 1989 to 2012, the wetland overall area and ecological functions in the research area exists a continuing recession, the overall wetland area has been reduced by 5,231.40 hm2. Wetland landscape shape tends to complication, geometric centroid migrates northeasterly, patch types appear diversified distribution and the degree of landscape fragmentation increases at first then decreases and develops in fluctuations. Wetland landscape fragmentation and the reduction of area both lead to the recession of ecological functions, including that the solid carbon accumulation reduced by about 5.65× 104 t and the water storage decreased by 4. 14933 × 107 m3. The research area wetland landscape pattern and ecological function changes are affected synthetically by natural environment and human behavioral activities, but the latter holds a dominant position.