中文摘要：

近年来，家居环境中人体数目和位置等信息的检测，作为智能家居等领域中一项重要信息处理技术日益受到重视。本文综合介绍了主动式和被动式人体定位系统的技术构成、研究过程中存在的问题和解决方案，并对5种不同的主动式和被动式定位技术，就系统性能、定位技术和算法实现等方面的优劣进行了比较。根据适用范围和应用场景选择合适的人体定位与跟踪技术，是构建高效智能家居系统的主要关键。未来智能家居的发展趋势将是采用多种算法优势互补和技术交叉结合的人体定位与跟踪系统，以实现家居环境的高精度、多功能、舒适安全的高智能化理想凋节与控制。

英文摘要：

As an important technology in smart home areas, the detection of human body information such as the number and position in the home environment is increasingly concerned in recent years. In this paper, structures, research problems and corresponding solutions of active and passive human localization systems have been introduced systematically. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of five different technologies have been compared in the system performance, localization technology and algorithm implementation. It is the key factor for the smart home system to choose appropriate human body localization and tracking technologies according to the application scope and scenario. In future, the complementary algorithms and integrated technologies will be adopted in order to realize ideal intelligent regulation and control of household environment with high accuracy, multi-function, comfort and safety.