中文摘要：

以Zn 99.995级纯金属锌为原料,分别掺入Pb、Cd、Cu、Sn、Al和Sb等杂质金属元素,熔化后加入到蒸发炉内,产生的锌蒸气被氧化成为氧化锌.结果表明,当杂质元素掺入量为0.5%时,掺Pb、Cd、Sn、Al和Sb的产物中均含有四针状氧化锌,而掺Cu的产物中为不规则的片状和单针状.随着杂质元素掺入量的增加,Pb、Sn和Al对四针状氧化锌形成的影响相对较小.掺入1%Pb、Cd的产物为六方纤锌矿结构的氧化锌.杂质元素改变了氧化锌的形核和晶须的长大过程,导致氧化锌产物的形貌发生了变化.

英文摘要：

After incorporating Pb, Cd, Cu, Sn, Al and Sb into the raw material pure Zn with 99. 995 level respectively, it is melted and put into the vaporizing furnace. The produced zinc vapor is oxided into zinc oxide. The re- sults show that there is tetrapod-shaped ZnO in the product when the impurity element is Pb, Cd, Sn, A1 and Sb re- spectively and the content is 0. 5 %. While the product is irregular flakes structure and single speculate. When the im purity of Cu, Pb, Sn and Al have little effects on the formation of tetrapod-shaped ZnO with the increase of the impu- rity elements. The zinc oxide is hexagonal wutzite structure when the content of Pb or Cd is 1%. The impurity ele ments can change the ZnO nucleation and the growth process of whisker, leading to the changes in the morphologies of zinc oxide.