中文摘要：

为缓解或部分消除人类筑坝活动对生态环境的负面影响,选取红水河龙滩-岩滩梯级水库为研究对象,运用逐月最小生态径流和逐月适宜频率生态径流等算法计算生态流量,兼顾下游四大家鱼产卵对于洪水脉冲的特殊需求,从生态基流和洪水脉冲两方面对梯级下泄流量进行调度研究。根据不同生态约束条件,设置四种生态调度方案：基本工程约束方案、最小生态流量约束方案、逐月适宜频率生态流量约束方案以及人工造峰-最小生态流量约束方案,分析各生态调度方案损失的发电效益影响。应用实例结果显示：单纯设置较高的生态基流会较为严重的影响发电效益,而将人工造峰与最小生态流量结合调度的模式可在几乎不损失发电量的前提下对河流下游特定生物的需水量进行补偿。

英文摘要：

This paper presents a study on discharge scheduling of cascade reservoirs considering ecological base flow and flood flow to relieve or partly eliminate the negative impacts of dam construction activities on ecology, via a case study of the Longtan-Yantan cascade reservoirs on the Hongshui River using its monthly minimum ecological flow and ecological flow of monthly appropriate frequency and considering special flood peak demands by four major Chinese carps. According to the features of ecological demands, we have examined scheduling schemes for four types of constraints respectively, i.e. basic engineering constraint, minimum ecological flow constraint, monthly frequency-appropriate ecological flow constraint, and artificial peak-minimum ecological flow constraint. In the case of final constraint, three sub-schemes were adopted for three different magnitudes of artificial flood peak respectively. For the four schemes, losses in power generation benefit were compared and analyzed. Results show that a simple adoption of higher ecological flows reduces power generation benefit significantly and a scheduling scheme combining artificial peak with minimum ecological flow is able to compensate the water demand by the specific biology downstream.