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中文摘要：
为提高顶煤回采率和降低煤矿井下安全事故发生率，提出了顶煤定向水力压裂技术。利用RFPA^2D—Flow渗流软件，对预制裂隙角度为15°时钻孔水力压裂失稳破裂过程进行数值模拟研究。模拟结果表明：定向裂隙尖端出现应力集中现象，随着压裂进行高应力区向煤体深部转移，且钻孔和定向裂隙周围出现卸压区；钻孔和定向裂隙周围煤体始终处于高水压区，且压裂初始阶段煤体只出现了少量剪切破坏，当水压为13MPa时，煤体出现大量拉伸破坏。在压裂后期，延伸裂隙端步开始转向扩展，但转向角度对定向压裂基本无影响，说明预制裂隙定向水力压裂能起到很好的定向作用。
英文摘要：
In order to improve the recovery rate of top coal and reduce the incidence of coal mine safety accidents, directional hydraulic fracturing technology is proposed. Numerical simulation is carried out with RFPA2D - Flow seepage software, for the stabilization process of hydraulic fracturing when the prefabricated fracture angle is 15°. The simulation results show that： stress concentration phenomenon appears at the directional fracture tip, the high stress area transfers to the deep of coal with the fracturing, and the pressure relief zone appears around the drilling and directional fissures; the coal body around drilling and directional cracks is always in the high water pressure area, there is only a small amount of shearing failure in the initial stage of fracturing; when the water pressure is 13MPa, a lot of tensile damage appears on the coal body. At later stage of fracturing, the top of extension fissure begins to transfer and expand, but the transfer angle has little effect on directional fracturing, which indicates favorable directing effect of the prefabricated fissures directional hydraulic fracturing.
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