中文摘要：

针对已有对城市土地利用的投入产出分析中忽视其使用过程中产生的环境外部负效应这一问题,本文构建了非期望产出模型SBM-undesirable,并选择长三角地区16城市作为研究对象,对其土地利用效率进行评价,并在此基础上对城市土地利用投入产出要素进行定量调整。研究结果表明：①在城市土地利用存在非期望产出的情况下,采用SBM-undesirable模型对其进行效率评价,能够避免传统DEA模型径向角度选择所带来的缺陷,提高效率评价的准确性,比传统模型更具有清晰的刻画功能。在研究期内,长三角地区土地利用效率水平偏低,平均效率呈＂凹＂字形波动趋势,环境污染等非期望产出的存在对城市土地利用效率的提高有一定的负面影响,而各市土地利用效率差异在研究期内也呈现不断扩大的趋势;②从效率分解变化看,土地利用的纯技术效率的变化是导致技术效率演变趋势的主要原因,而且土地利用效率普遍偏低且具有明显变动幅度,整体上利用的规模效率〉纯技术效率〉技术效率;③长三角地区城市土地利用效率空间分布除2006年外均呈现不均衡特征,沪宁杭等区域中心城市的土地利用效率长期保持较高水平,而苏中的南通、泰州及浙北的舟山、台州等市效率偏低,整体上呈现＂大集中-小分散＂的分异特征,效率空间分布格局非均衡化特征明显;④通过对研究时期内土地利用非DEA有效城市的分析,发现各市普遍存在要素投入冗余、效益产出不足和环境负外部效应产出过多等情况,优化要素配置能力、减少负外部效应产出和增加单位土地有效产出是改善利用效率的现实路径。

英文摘要：

Current environment negative externalities have been neglected from analyses of urban land input-output efficiency. Here, we construct a undesirable output model SBM-undesirable, select 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta and evaluate land use efficiency. We found that overall land use efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta remains at a low level and average efficiency maintained a trend of concave shape fluctuation. Environmental pollution and the presence of undesirable outputs reduce the overall level of land use efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta region, and differences in city land use efficiency within the study period increased. In the view of changes in efficiency decomposition, changes in the pure technical efficiency of land use are the main cause resulting in the evolution trend of technical efficiency. Except for the year 2006, the spatial distribution shows uneven feathers in land use efficiency. Land use efficiency in regional cities, such as Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou maintain a high level over a long period of time. However, the efficiency in Nantong, Taizhou（central Jiangsu） and Zhoushan and Taizhou lying in the north of Zhejiang is at a low level. The spatial distribution patterns are a ‘big concentration-small dispersion＇type, and characteristics of non-equilibrium are obvious. Through the analysis of land use non-DEA efficient urban, cities have common input redundancy and negative externality benefits, and environmental negative externalities output are too great. Optimization of the ability of resource allocation, reducing the negative external effect and increasing the output of per unit land is the realistic path to improve utilization efficiency.