中文摘要：

生物质是唯一可再生的有机碳资源,开发清洁高效稳定的催化剂体系,将富氧的生物质及其平台化合物高选择性的C–O键氢解转化为可供石化行业利用的高附加值产品成为当前的研究热点.糠醛可由农林副产物如玉米芯,甘蔗渣和秸秆等中富含的半纤维素经酸水解而得.采用便宜的糠醛及其衍生物糠醇和四氢糠醇为原料,通过温和条件下一步选择氢解合成高附加值的1,2-和/或1,5-戊二醇的研究受到了越来越多的关注,但目前的研究主要集中在Ru,Rh,Pt和Ir等贵金属催化剂,对无铬非贵金属催化剂的研究甚少;此外,目前文献报道催化剂的活性和选择性还有待提高.开发清洁高效的非贵金属催化剂在温和条件下选择氢解糠醇或糠醛是目前面临的一项难题.我们的最新研究发现采用以水滑石为前驱体制备的弱碱性Cu-Mg3AlO（4.5）双功能催化剂在糠醇选择氢解反应中表现出优异的催化性能,在413 K和6 MPa的温和条件下可取得约80%的戊二醇总收率.虽然碱性载体有利于稳定糠醇氢解中间体并抑制羟基脱水从而提高戊二醇选择性,但也有文献报道酸性载体或助剂同样对呋喃衍生物的选择氢解制二元醇有促进作用.为了研究固体酸负载的双功能催化剂在糠醇氢解中的催化性能,我们采用共沉淀法制备了酸性Al2O3载体分散的不同Cu含量（2–30 wt%）的纳米双功能催化剂,并对比考察了其他不同载体（SiO2,TiO2,ZrO2,MgO和ZnO）负载的催化剂,Al2O3负载的Ni,Co和Pt催化剂及商业Cu-Cr催化剂的糠醇氢解性能.研究发现,在金属负载量相同时,Cu-Al2O3催化剂表现出最优异的糠醇氢解性能,而Cu-Al2O3催化剂的转化率随Cu铜含量的升高先增高后降低,在20 wt%时达最高,而戊二醇的总选择性在10 wt%时达最高.为了揭示Cu-Al2O3催化剂在糠醇氢解反应中的构效关系,采用X射线衍射（XRD）,透射电镜（TEM）,N2物理吸附,N2O化学?

英文摘要：

Cu nanoparticles supported on a variety of oxide supports, including SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, MgO and ZnO, were investigated for the hydrogenolysis of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol to1,2‐pentanediol and 1,5‐pentanediol. A Cu‐Al2O3 catalyst with 10 wt% Cu loading prepared by a co‐precipitation method exhibited the best performance in terms of producing pentanediols compared with the other materials. This catalyst generated an 85.8% conversion and a 70.3% combined selectivity for the target pentanediols at 413 K and 8 MPa H2 over an 8‐h reaction. The catalyst could also be recycled over repeated reaction trials without any significant decrease in productivity. Characterizations with X‐ray diffraction, NH3/CO2‐temperature programmed desorption, N2 adsorption,transmission electron microscopy and N2 O chemisorption demonstrated that intimate and effective interactions between Cu particles and the acidic Al2O3 support in this material greatly enhanced its activity and selectivity. The promotion of the hydrogenolysis reaction was found to be especially sensitive to the Cu particle size, and the catalyst with Cu particles 1.9 to 2.4 nm in size showed the highest turnover frequency during the synthesis of pentanediols.