中文摘要：

基于有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料（CH3NH3Pb X3）制备的太阳电池效率自2009年从3.8%增长到19.6%,因其较高的光吸收系数,较低的成本及易于制备等优势获得了广泛关注.钙钛矿材料不仅可以作为光吸收层,还可用作电子和空穴传输层,以此制备出不同结构的钙钛矿太阳电池：介孔结构、介观超结构、平面结构、无HTM层结构和有机结构.除此之外,钙钛矿材料制备方法的多样性使其更具吸引力,目前已有一步溶液法、两步连续沉积法、双源共蒸发法和溶液-气相沉积法.本文主要介绍了钙钛矿太阳电池的发展历程、工作原理及钙钛矿薄膜的制备方法等.详细阐述了电池每一层的具体作用和针对现有的钙钛矿结构各层材料的优化,最后介绍了钙钛矿太阳电池所面临的问题和发展前景,以期对钙钛矿太阳电池有进一步的了解,为制备新型高效的钙钛矿太阳电池打下坚实的基础.

英文摘要：

The efficiency of solar cells based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials has a rapid growth from 3.8%in 2009 to 19.3%. The perovskite material（CH3NH3Pb X3） exhibits advantages of high absorbing coefficient, low cost,and easily synthesised, which achieved extremely rapid development in recent years and gains great concern from the academic circle. As we know, perovskite materials not only serve as light absorption layer, but also can be used as either electron or hole transport layer. Consequently, various structures are designed based on the function of the perovskite,such as the solid-state mesoscopic heterojunction, meso-superstructured planar-heterojunction, HTM-free and the organic structured layers. Besides, it is also attractive for its versatility in fabrication techniques： one-step precursor solution deposition, two-step sequential deposition, dual-source vapor deposition, and vapor-assisted solution processing etc. This review mainly introduces the development and mechanism of the perovskite solar cells performance and the fabrication methods of peroskite films, briefly describes the specific function and improvement of each layer, and finally discusses the challenges we are facing and the development prospects, in order to have a further understanding of perovskite solar cells and lay a solid foundation for the preparation of new structures of the perovskite solar cells.