中文摘要：

ATP结合盒（ATP-binding cassette,ABC）转运蛋白是一类普遍存在于真核和原核生物细胞中的超家族转运蛋白,在生理活动中发挥着重要作用。本文较为详细地介绍了其结构特点,并按保守区进化关系进行了分类,分成A-H 8个亚族;归纳了近年来有关ABC转运蛋白在提高植物和真菌重金属耐性作用的研究报道,并从液泡区隔作用、直接外排作用和线粒体ABC转运蛋白重金属转运作用3个方面对其提高宿主重金属耐性作用机制进行了总结和分析,提出了ABC转运蛋白转运金属离子选择偏好性的观点,同时对ABC转运蛋白进一步的研究和潜在的应用提出了展望。

英文摘要：

ATP-binding cassette（ABC） transport protein is one kind of super family transporter, which exists in almost prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and plays an important role in physiological activities. In this paper, the structure characteristics of ABC transport protein were detailedly introduced, and divided into 8subfamilies from A~H based on phylogenetic analysis of conservative regions. Besides, the latest researches progress of ABC transport proteins on enhancing resistance of plants and fungi to heavy metals were also introduced and interpreted. Meanwhile, the probable mechanism of it on how improving host resistance to heavy metals was summarized and analyzed from 3 points, which were vacuole sequestration, direct efflux and mitochondrial ABC transporter. Moreover, the viewpoint of ABC transport protein preference was proposed, according to the law of choosing and transporting metal ion. At the end, the research direction and potential application of ABC transport protein were simply discussed. Thus, it would be reliable reference for further research of ABC transporter protein.