中文摘要：

菠菜（2n=2x=12）是研究雌雄异株植物性别分化的一种理想材料。本研究利用SRAP（sequence re—lated amplified polymorphism）分子标记方法，采用256对引物组合对菠菜雌、雄基因池进行筛选，后利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行检测。结果表明，经过对256对引物组合进行筛选，其中20对引物组合扩增效果较好，共获得47个雌性特异片段和29个雄性特异片段，其多态性达到19．9％；在这20对引物组合中，引物对emll＋mel4、eml0＋mel0经琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证扩增效果最好，可以扩增出菠菜雄、雌稳定的分子标记。本研究获得的性别特异标记可以用于菠菜幼苗期性别鉴定，同时为菠菜性别相关基因的克隆奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

The spinach （2n=2x= 12） is an ideal material for researching the molecular mechanisms of sex differe- nti- ation in dioecious plants. In this study, SRAP （sequence related amplified polymorphism） was used to screen male or female specific fragments in spinach using 256 pairs of primers, then polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and agarose gel electrophoresis were used to identify the results. The results showed that, after screening by using 256 pairs of primers, 20 pairs of primers showed a good amplification pattern, and 47 female-special fragments and 29 male-spe- cial fxagments were got, with the total specific marker polymorphism reaching 19.9%; of the 20 pairs of primers, eml 1 ＋reel4 and eml0＋mel0 have the best amplification pattern, which could amplify stable male specific or fe- male specific markers in spinach. Sex specific markers obtained in this study can be used for identifying the gender at the spinach seedling stage and found the basis for the sex-related gene cloning in spinach.