中文摘要：

短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）是一类碳原子少于6个的脂肪酸,主要由饮食中纤维成分经肠道菌群酵解产生,肠道中含量较多的为乙酸（C2）、丙酸（C3）、丁酸（C4）。它们能通过影响不同免疫细胞的功能参与肠道黏膜免疫反应,维持肠道稳态。目前研究发现,它们可通过识别Toll样受体（TLRs）,活化G蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）,抑制组蛋白去乙酰酶（HDAC）活性等参与肠道疾病的发生发展。本文就短链脂肪酸对肠黏膜稳态的免疫调节作用做一综述。

英文摘要：

Short chain fatty acids（SCFAs） are a group of fatty acids with fewer than six carbons, which aremetabolized by gut microbiota from undigested dietary fibers. The major SCFAs in gut are acetic acid（C2）, propionicacid（C3）, and butyric acid（C4）. SCFAs play a role in intestinal homeostasis, by regulating intestinal immunethrough various immune cells. Current studies have demonstrated that SCFAs participate in the occurrence ofintestinal diseases, involving in recognition of Toll-like receptors（TLRs）, activation of G-protein-coupled receptors（GPCRs） and inhibition of histone deacetylase（HDAC）. This paper forcuses the roles of SCFAs in regulatingintestinal mucosal homeostasis.