中文摘要：

S变换是近年来发展起来的一种具有高时频分辨率的信号处理方法,它的时频分辨率与信号的频率有关,反变换简单,基本小波不必满足容许性条件,并且不存在交叉项.广义S变换弥补了S变换的一些不足,具有更高的频率聚集能力.本文总结了实际应用中具有代表性的几种广义S变换类型,并结合实例从4方面内容综述了S变换在地震资料处理中的应用：应用S变换和广义S变换在时频域滤波去噪以提高信噪比,压制面波和拾取初至波;通过检测频率和振幅等地震波属性信息研究地层中地质体和精细构造,提高地震波的主频进行地震高分辨分析;进行地层吸收衰减补偿和地层品质因子Q值的求取;以及瑞利面波频散分析和面波频散曲线的提取.本文介绍的结果及其他很多应用均表明S变换和广义S变换是地震资料处理中的一个有效手段.但是,目前S变换多应用于勘探地震学中,我们在文章最后分析展望了S变换在天然地震学中的潜在应用.

英文摘要：

As a relatively new signal processing method with high time-frequency resolution,S transform has the following characteristics：its time-frequency resolution corresponding to the signal frequency,simple inverse transform,no cross-terms and basic wavelet that does not have to meet the permit conditions.Generalized S transform,with higher frequency aggregation ability, makes up for some deficiencies of S transform.Several representative types of generalized S transform in practical applications are summarized in this paper,and the applications of S transform in seismic data processing are mainly elaborated as followed：（1）filtering and denoising in the time-frequency domain with S transform and generalized S transform to improve signal to noise ratio,suppress surface waves and pick up the first arrivals;（2）researching geologic body and fine structure in the stratum by detecting seismic attribute information（e.g.frequency and amplitude）,and improving the peak frequency for highresolution seismic analysis;（3）compensating the absorption and attenuation of stratum and extracting the quality factor Q value of formation;（4）analyzing the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion and extracting surface wave dispersion curve.The results described in this paper and many other applications show that S transform and generalized S transform is an effective tool in seismic data processing.However S transform is more used in exploration seismology according to the previous research,we prospect the potential applications of the S transform in seismology.