中文摘要：

波束形成作为一种空间声场可视化技术在声源识别领域得到广泛的研究和应用。概述了传声器阵列测量和波束形成后处理算法的发展历程，分析了其特点，总结了其发展方向，主要包括：声源识别性能更优的传声器阵列开发和算法改进、声源识别的适应性提高、波束形成结果不确定度的研究、基于声品质的声源成像及可视化研究等。对波束形成声源识别技术的认识及进一步的研究提供参考。

英文摘要：

As a visualization technique of spatial sound field, beamforming has been widely studied and applied in the field of sound source identification. Not only the development courses of the microphone arrays and the beamforming post-processing algorithms are reviewed, but also their characteristics are summed up. Furthermore, the development trends are summarized, which mainly include the development and modification of microphone arrays and algorithms with better sound source identification performance, the improvement of the adaptability, the research on the uncertainty of beamforming results, the study of the sound source mapping and visualization based on sound quality metrics, and so on. It provides a good reference for understanding beamforming techniques.