中文摘要：

目的：探讨汶川地震后9个月受灾群众的精神痛苦状况及相关因素，寻找快速评估抑郁发作、自杀倾向和创伤后应激障碍（post—traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）的方法。方法：利用方便取样，对绵阳永兴板房区和秀水镇农村的受灾群众（n=321）进行三步梯度评估。（1）使用心理健康自评问卷（Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20，SRQ20）及PTSD筛查表（7-items Screening Scale for PTSD，PTSD7）对所有受试进行初步筛查；（2）对SRQ20≥10分或PTSD7≥4分者进行抑郁（Self-Rating Depression Scale，SDS）和焦虑自评量表（Self-Rating Anxiety Scale，SAS），及简明国际神经精神访谈（Mini—International Neuropsychiattic Interview，MINI）中文版“自杀倾向”评定，对PTSD7≥4者还进行MINI“PTSD”诊断评估；（3）对SDS评分／〉50者进行MINI“抑郁发作”和“PTSD”诊断评估。结果：（1）315人完成评估，其中SRQ20评分≥10或PTSD7评分≥4者占53．0％；SDS评分≥50者占37．1％，其中存在自杀倾向者18．4％；符合MINI目前抑郁发作及PTSD者分别占25．7％和27．3％，两者共病18．1％。（2）永兴板房区受试PTSD7评分及MINI“PTSD”检出率均高于秀水镇受试[（3．6±1．8）VS．（2．9±1．7），33．0％VS．16．0％；均P〈0．001]。（3）Logistic回归分析显示，震时躯体受伤是目前抑郁发作（OR=2．579）和PTSD（OR=1．917）的危险因素；震后搬迁次数是PTSD的危险因素（OR=1．189）。结论：（1）震后9个月受灾群众仍存在明显的抑郁发作、PTSD及自杀倾向。震时躯体受伤对抑郁发作和PTSD有长期影响，震后多次搬迁可能促进PTSD发生及症状加重。（2）SRQ20及PTSD7与MINI结合使用可作为灾后精神痛苦的快速评估方法。

英文摘要：

Objective： To explore the mental distress and the related factors of people who suffered 5. 12 Earthquake in Sichuan at 9 months after the earthquake. And try to find the methods to quickly detect the individuals with depression, posttraumatic stress disorder （PTSD） and suicide risk. Methods： A total of 321 subjects in Yongxing temporal board houses of Mianyang and in the rural areas of Xiushui were enrolled and assessed by a three-step evaluation. First, all subjects were screened with the Self-Report questionnaire （ SRQ20 ） and 7-items Screening Scale for PTSD （PTSD7） . Second, the subjects with SRQ20 score ≥10 or PTSD7 score ≥4 were assessed with the Serf-rating Depression Scale （ SDS ）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （ SAS ） and the suicide module of Mini-International Nenropsychiatric Interview （MINI） . And the subjects with PTSD7 score ≥4 were also assessed the MINI PTSD module. Finally, the subjects with SDS score ≥50 were evaluated using MINI depression and PTSD modules. Results： （ 1 ） Totally 315 subjects finished the evaluations, in which 53.0% had scores of SRQ20 ≥10 or PTSD7≥4, 37.1% had scores of SDS≥50, and 18.4% had a suicide risk. 25.7% and 27.3% of them met the diagnoses of MINI current depression and PTSD respectively, and 18. 1% were diagnosed as both PTSD and depression. （2） The PTSD7 score and MINI PTSD rate （ 3.6 ± 1.8, 33.0% ） of the subjects in Yongxing board houses were higher than those in Xiushui （2.9 ± 1.7, 16. 0% ）, Ps 〈0. 001. （3） Logistic regression analysis showed that the physical injury was a risk factor for current depression （ OR = 2. 579 ） and PTSD （ OR = 1. 917） and frequent residence change after the earthquake was a risk factor for PTSD （OR = 1. 189） . Conclusions： （ 1 ） People in the earthquake-hit area still have obvious depression, PTSD and suicide risk at 9 months after the earthquake. The physical injury happened during the earthquake has a long-term influence for people to get depression