中文摘要：

针对壳状模型轻量化设计和模拟问题，提出一种基于热扩散的壳状汽车模型轻量化方法，并利用三维打印在个性化方面的优势建立具有数值模型模拟、三维打印，以及工程验证的一整套汽车轻量化建模系统．首先对模型进行特征分析和提取；然后在给定特征约束和受力工况（外力）条件下，通过热扩散对受力分布进行模拟，并将模拟数值与模型厚度进行对应，得到初步优化模型；进一步，通过三维打印得到实体实验模型，并对实验模型进行工程受力验证，进而根据工程验证情况调整热扩散程度，使得优化模型的厚度更加逼近实际受力要求；最后通过循环迭代方式得到满足受力要求的重量优化模型．实验结果表明，该方法能够在满足实际受力情况下减重达30％，并大大缩短了壳状汽车模型研发周期，是有效且高效的．

英文摘要：

Aiming at the problem of lightweight design and simulation for shell-structure models, this paper proposes a heat diffusion based lightweight method for shell-structure automobile models. By taking advan- tage of 3D printing on personalization, we establish a complete system consists of numerical simulating, 3D printing and the engineering validation. Firstly, an analysis and extraction of features are performed on the model. Secondly, given a feature constraint and force conditions （under external force）, we obtain an initial model whose thickness is corresponded to the simulated value in the heat field that is used to simulate the stress distribution. Thirdly, a test model is printed using the 3D printer for the engineering validation. The required thickness can be approximated better by adjusting the heat diffusion according to results of the en- gineering validation. Finally, an optimized model that satisfies all the conditions can be obtained using an iterative process. Experiment results show that the actual weight loss can reach 30%, and meanwhile, it greatly shortens the development cycle of shell-structure automobile models, hence, the proposed method is effective and efficient.