利用耦合理论研究了芯层折射率不同的定向耦合器的耦合特性,得到了其耦合波方程的通解.给出了不同入射条件下波导耦合引起的光场功率和相位的变化特性,并与通常理论研究的等芯层折射率的结果进行了比较.特别指出,等芯层折射率的光波导耦合特性是本文所研究耦合特性的特例,对于芯层折射率不同的双波导定向耦合器,当光从折射率较大的波导入射时,两波导中的光场功率存在着周期性的不完全交换,芯层折射率较大的波导相对于另一波导的相位差有起伏地反向增大,而等芯层折射率时两波导间有周期性的完全功率交换,光场间相位差为π/2;当等强度光从两个波导入射时,光在两波导传输过程中存在功率交换,芯层折射率较大的波导相对于另一波导的相位差有起伏地增大,而等芯层折射率时两波导间没有功率交换,光场等振幅、等相位传播.
Coupling characteristics of a directional coupler with unequal waveguide core refractive index are studied by use of coupling mode theory.General solution of its coupling mode equation is obtained and variation characteristics of beam power and phase are given under different incidence conditions.The results are compared with characteristics,which have been studied by many people,of that with equal waveguide core refractive index.Especially,coupling characteristics of that with equal core refractive index a...