中文摘要：

因为在在改变的负担下面的岩石中有许多种损坏，岩石的组成的模型能被力学元素造。岩石包含许多微观结构和 Bingham 的结构，这被恢复。微观结构由在系列在系列和一个弹簧和一个硬化酒吧的单位是一个弹簧和滑行的片的单位的二个分支组成，二个单位在平行连接对方。这些微观结构被安排混乱或在某个国家的顺序。微观结构的某个分发代表岩石的一种类型。二种岩石组成的关系被使用模型推出。一个人是许多平行微观结构和 Bingham 的结构在系列在连接的模型。并且它习惯于同类的岩石。其它是许多微观结构和 Bingham 的结构在系列在连接的模型。并且它在某个方向与许多快克或 microcrack 习惯于岩石。二种组成的关系被学习盒子验证。使用力学元素造的岩石的组成的模型被验证讲理。而且，岩石的不同类型可以与不同分布与力学元素被描述。

英文摘要：

The constitutive model of rock can be built by mechanics elements because there are many kinds of damages in rock under varied loads. It is resumed that rock contains many microstructures and a structure of Bingham. The microstructure consists of two embranchments that are the unit of a spring and a gliding slice in series and the unit of a spring and a cementation bar in series, the two units connect each other in parallel. These microstructures are arranged disorderly or in the order of a certain state. A certain distribution of microstructures represents one type of rock. Two kinds of rock＇s constitutive relationship were deduced by using the model. One is the model in which many parallel microstructures and a structure of Bingham connect in series. And it is used to homogeneous rock. The other is the model in which many microstructures and a structure of Bingham connect in series. And it is used to the rock with much crack or microcrack in a certain direction. The two kinds of constitutive relationship were verified by the studied cases. The constitutive model of rock built by using mechanics elements is verified to be reasonable. Moreover, different types of rocks may be described with mechanics elements with different distributions.