中文摘要：

目的比较不同血浆代用品对大鼠血糖和电解质的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组（10只/组）,使用琥珀酰明胶（GEL）、羟乙基淀粉200（HES200）、羟乙基淀粉130（HES130）、羟乙基淀粉40（706）和右旋糖酐40（Dex40）分别行重度急性等容血液稀释（ANH）,剂量为94.76 m L/kg,用血气分析仪检测基础值、血液稀释结束和血液稀释后1 h的血糖和电解质浓度。结果动脉与静脉的血糖、钾离子和钙离子浓度（mmol/L）分别为7.50±0.50 vs6.87±0.57（P〈0.01）、3.72±0.18 vs3.68±0.21（P〈0.05）、1.368±0.039 vs1.289±0.08（P〈0.01）;动脉与静脉的钠离子和氯离子浓度（mmol/L）分别为142.0±1.4 vs 143.4±1.7（P〈0.01）、105.06±2.26 vs106.08±2.96（P〈0.01）。GEL和Dex40组在血液稀释结束后血糖浓度明显上升（P〈0.05或〈0.01）,HES130和706组在血液稀释1 h血糖浓度明显上升（P〈0.05）。Dex40组在血液稀释1 h钾离子浓度明显高于其他组（P〈0.01）。GEL、HES200、HES130和Dex40组在血液稀释1h后钙离子浓度明显上升（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。血液稀释引起各组氯离子浓度明显上升（P〈0.01）,同时GEL组的氯离子浓度明显低于其他组（P〈0.01）。结论血浆代用品制备ANH的大鼠模型,其血糖和电解质发生紊乱,血液稀释后Dex40引起血钾异常升高。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the effects of different plasma substitutes on glucose and electrolyte balance in rats.Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups randomly（ 10 rats / group）. Rats were subjected to severe acute normovolemic hemodilution（ ANH）（ 94. 76 m L / kg） using 5 different plasma substitutes（ GEL,HES 130,HES200,706 or Dex40）. Blood glucose and electrolyte concentrations were measured by a ABL90 blood gas analyzer,and the blood samples were collected at baseline,after hemodilution and 1 h after hemodilution. Results The concentrations of glucose,potassium ions and calcium ions（ mmol / L） were 7. 50 ± 0. 50 vs 6. 87 ± 0. 57（ P〈0. 01）,3. 72 ± 0. 18 vs 3. 68 ± 0. 21（ P〈0. 05）,1. 368 ± 0. 039 vs 1. 289 ± 0. 08（ P〈0. 01）,respectively.Meanwhile,the concentrations of sodium ions and chloride ions（ mmol/L） were 142. 0 ± 1. 4 vs 143. 4 ± 1. 7（ P〈0. 01）,105. 06 ± 2. 26 vs 106. 08 ± 2. 96（ P〈0. 01）. The glucose concentration increased significantly after hemodilution in GEL and Dex40 groups（ P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）,and the glucose concentration also increased significantly at 1 h after hemodilution in HES130 and 706 group（ P〈0. 05）. The change in potassium ion concentration was significantly higher in Dex40 than the others at 1 h after hemodilution（ P〈0. 01）. The calcium ion concentration increased significantly in GEL,HES200,HES130 and Dex40 at 1 h after hemodilution（ P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）. The chloride ion concentration was significantly higher in 5 groups（ P〈0. 01）. Meanwhile,the chloride ion concentrationin in GEL group was also significantly lower than the others（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion In this study,the rats were subjected to severe acute normovolemic hemodilution ANH with different plasma substitutes,which leads to glucose and electrolyte disturbance. Dex40 causes a significant increase in potassium ion concentration after hemodilution.