中文摘要：

分段进水生物脱氮工艺在脱氮方面具有较强的优势。针对目前国内外对分段进水工艺的研究只是停留在过程仿真与表观处理效果的研究现状，采用模拟生活污水对该工艺的运行特性与优化控制进行了较详尽的基础研究。通过对9组不同C／N值条件下工艺的优化控制运行，补充完善流量的合理分配与各段容积的确定方法，得出了进水C／N值与工艺所能达到的最大流量分配系数间的数学关系表达式，以及在给定负荷条件下对总氮的去除率与流量分配系数之间的关系，为提高工艺脱氮效率的优化控制运行提供了理论基础。此外，还对分段进水工艺各段的硝化速率进行了探讨，并根据得到的运行控制规则进行了分段进水工艺的非稳态试验验证。

英文摘要：

The step feed biological nitrogen removal process （SFBNP） has distinct advantages in nitrogen removal. Currently, the researches all over the world on the step feed biological nitrogen removal process are limited only on the process emulation and the apparent removal efficiency. By using synthesized wastewater to simulate with the SFBNP process, the operational characteristics and the optimal controlled operation were more comprehensively investigated. The theory and method of the technique for the influent flow distribution and the volume of each phase are renewed when the operation is optimal controlled of this process under 9 groups each with different C/N ratios. The coefficient of the linear relationship between the maximum influent flow rate distribution ratio that the process can achieve and the influent C/N ratio is expressed. In the relationship between the TP influenced by the load conditions and the coefficient of the maximum ratio of the influent flow rate distribution, and through the help of increasing the optimal controlled operation of the nitrogen removal efficiency, the theoretical basics are provided. Furthermore, the nitrification rate in each phase of the 9 groups of the step feed technology was also investigated. According to the operational controlled regulations deduced, the non-steady experiment of the SFBNP was verified.