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中文摘要：
对2014年艾比湖区域的地表水进行观测和取样，综合运用多元统计、Piper阴阳离子三角图、Gibbs图等方法，对艾比湖区域干湿季地表水化学特征及控制因素进行了分析．结果表明：在湿季5月，Na^＋和Cl^-是占绝对优势的离子，分别占阳离子和阴离子总量的70．34％和52．97％，其次是Mg^2＋和SO4^2-；在于季10月，Na^＋和Cl^-是占绝对优势的离子，分别占阳离子和阴离子总量的70．57％和66．48％，其次是Mg^2＋和SO4^2-．进而判断出在湿季，艾比湖区域地表水水化学类型为以碳酸盐岩石和蒸发岩来源为主的HCO；-Ca^2＋-Na^＋型；而在干季，艾比湖区域地表水水化学类型为以碳酸盐岩石和蒸发岩来源为主的HCO3^-Ca^2＋型．此外，探讨了离子控制的因素．就自然因素而言，在干湿季，艾比湖区域地表水化学离子组成受岩石风化作用和蒸发结晶作用的共同影响，大气降水的输入作用十分微弱．就人为因素而言，根据相关研究，干湿季人为活动中的主要因素是人口和地区生产总值，说明该区域受到人为活动的影响．本研究为我国干旱地区对于河水水化学变化、水质特征、水质保护都具有重要的意义．
英文摘要：
In 2014, the surface water in Ebinur Lake region was sampled and its chemical characteristics and controlling factors in dry and wet seasons were determined with multivariate statistics and piper plot of anions and cations, as well as Gibbs graphs. The results indicate that both in May （wet season ） or in October （dry season）, Na^＋~ and Cl^- are the dominant ions, respectively, followed by Mg2. and SO4^2-. In May, Na^＋ and Cl^- account for 70.34% and 52.97% of the total cations and anions and in October, Na~ and Cl^- account for 70.57% and 66.48% of the total cations and anions. ＇The hydrochemical type of the surface water in Ebinur Lake region is dominated by weathering reaction and evaporative crystallization, thus as a result, in wet season it is HCO3^ -Ca^2＋ -Na^＋ type and in dry season it is HCO3^- -Ca^2＋ type. In addition, the controlling factors for the ion components in the surface water were investigated. It is found that the weathering reaction and evapora- tive crystallization are the major natural factors that impact the hydrochemical composition of the surface water in Ebinur Lake region during both dry and wet seasons. The influence of atmospheric precipitation input is weak. According to the relative research, the population and regional gross domestic product （GDP） are the major human activity factors that affect the hydrochemical composition of the surface water. This investigation is useful for the study of river water chemistry and water quality and for the water protection in arid regions of China.
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