中文摘要：

多环芳烃（PAHs）是环境中广泛存在的一类持久性有机污染物,随着环境中PAHs污染的加剧,湖泊沉积物中PAHs含量呈逐年增加的趋势,对湖泊环境造成了潜在的生态风险。生物降解在PAHs的迁移转化、自然分解甚至最终从环境中消失的过程中占有重要的地位,是沉积物中PAHs去除最主要的途径。在介绍国内外湖泊沉积物中多环芳烃污染分布与污染程度的基础上,详细阐述了影响沉积物中多环芳烃生物降解的主要因素：溶解氧、温度、电子受体、电子供体以及降解PAHs的微生物,并探讨了不同因素下PAHs的降解特征及其强化生物降解过程中存在的问题,最后对其今后的研究方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, the widespread environmental persistent organic pollutants, have resulted in the increasing concentration of PAHs in sediments of lakes, posing high risks to the ecological systems. On the other hand, once in sediments PAHs tend to be adsorbed on and accumulate in sediments, and undergo degradation transformations and sequestration in different ways, thus biodegradation is a major process for PAHs removal. This paper reviewed the researches on PAils distribution and degree of pollution in sediments of lakes at home and abroad, focusing on the major contributing factors that affect PAHs biodegradation, including dissolved oxygen, temperature, electron acceptor, electron donor and PAHs degradation microorganisms. In addition, the problems in regard to the prospective researches on enhancing the biodegradation process were discussed.