中文摘要：

瑞典皇家科学院将2010年诺贝尔化学奖授予美国和日本的3位科学家理查德·海克（RichardF．Heck）、根岸英-（Ei—ichiNegishi）和铃木章（AkiraSuzuki），以表彰他们在“有机合成中钯催化交叉偶联反应”方面所做出的杰出贡献．他们的研究成果极大地促进了有机合成化学的发展，广泛应用于合成制备具有特殊光电功能的高性能有机电子材料、具有复杂结构的天然产物和生物活性化合物以及一些精细化学品，对学术界和工业界产生了重要影响．本文简要介绍了Heck反应、Negishi反应和Suzuki—Miyaura反应的基本知识，并讨论了其发展和应用概况．

英文摘要：

The 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to Professor Richard F. Heck, Professor Ei-ichi Negishi and Professor Akira Suzuki for ＂palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings in organic synthesis＂. The discoveries made by the these three organic chemists have had a great impact on academic research and industrial applications. Their reactions have proved extremely powerful and are widely used for the synthesis of organic electronic materials, new drugs, pharmaceuticals and biologically active compounds. In this report, we present a brief introduction to the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the related Heck, Nigishi, and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. We also discuss the recent advances and applications involving these reactions, especially in the field of organic electronics.