中文摘要：

运用Fisher判别、马氏距离判别和决策树分析3种方法对61种环境优先污染物的生态危害程度进行分类，并比较了各模型的分类正确率。结果显示，决策树分析方法分类正确率最高，为92％；马氏距离判别其次，为87％；Fisher判别最低，为75％。决策树分析方法不仅减少了2项评价指标，而且对61个新数据矩阵的多次分析显示其分类能力非常稳定，正确率基本符合正态分布，且保持在92％左右，为3种方法中最优的分类方法。

英文摘要：

Decision tree analysis, Mahalanobis distance discriminant analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis were employed to classify ecological hazards of 61 chemicals. Comparison between these methods showed 92% , 87% and 75% , respectively in correctness of the classification . Decision tree was not only the highest in correctness, but also reduced 2 indexes in the evaluation. Moreover, analyses of the 61-index matrix demonstrated that the classification capacity of the decision tree method was very stable and its correctness displayed normal distribution, which remained around 92%. So it is the optimal method for the classification of ecological hazard in these methods.