历史地图在城市规划中可以分析历史空间信息,追溯历史发展沿革,探寻历史文脉,对规划设计中的保护与传承均起到重要的作用。但由于历史地图的模糊性和意象性,其内涵的空间信息很难在现代的矢量地形图上精确再现。本文从历史地图解译的基础理论入手,分析历史地图中隐含的空间要素和内涵信息,并从分类提取、类型分层、数字化转译、参考系叠合等步骤,详细阐述历史地图解译的技术方法,并结合城市规划实际应用案例进行详细剖析。
Historical map can be used to analyze historical spatial information in urban planning, trace the development history, and explore the historical context, so it plays an important role in the protection and inheritance of the urban planning and design. But due to fuzziness and imagery of historical map, it is hard to accurately represent the connotative spatial information of the historical map in the vector map. This paper starts from the fundamental theory of historical map interpretation and analyzes the spatial elements and connotation implied in the historical map. Moreover, the paper also describes the technical methods of historical map interpretation in detail from steps including the classification and extraction, type hierarchy, digital transference, reference frame superimposition, then makes a detailed analysis of the methods in combination with actual urban planning application cases.