中文摘要：

目的 比较天然矿物质水平不同的5种饮水对发育期大鼠骨骼生长的影响。方法 50只3周龄断乳SD大鼠适应性喂养1周后,按随机数字表法分为5组,分别饮用自来水（tap water,TP）、天然水（natural water,NW）、纯净水（purified water,PW）、天然矿泉水1（natural mineral water 1,NMW1）、天然矿泉水2（natural mineral water 2,NMW2）,自由饮水及进食,喂养13周。每周测定大鼠体质量。实验结束后,取腹主动脉血分离血清,酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定骨代谢生化指标;取左侧股骨,进行Micro-CT扫描及三维重建,观察松质骨骨微结构及检测相关参数,并采用三点弯曲法进行生物力学测定。指标各组间比较采用单因素方差分析,相关性采用Spearman相关性分析。结果 与PW组相比,TP和NMW1、NMW2组的骨转换指标骨钙素（osteocalcin,OC）显著升高（P〈0.05）。与NW和PW组比较,NMW1和NMW2组的骨小梁强度增加,表现为骨表面积密度（bone surface/volume ratio,BS/BV）显著降低（P〈0.05）,其余各指标组间差异无统计学意义。OC与水中溶解性总固体（total dissolved solids,TDS）、钙（Ca^（2＋））、镁（Mg^（2＋））、钾（K^＋）呈正相关（r〉0.5,P〈0.05）;BS/BV与TDS、Ca^（2＋）、Mg^（2＋）、K^＋呈负相关（r〈-0.5,P〈0.05）。结论 发育期大鼠长期饮用自来水和天然水后骨生长的差别不明显;饮用纯净水后骨生长水平较低,而饮用富含矿物质的天然矿泉水后对骨骼生长较有利。骨钙素和骨小梁强度的变化对水质较为敏感。

英文摘要：

Objective To compare the effect of 5 types of drinking water with different levels of natural minerals on bone growth in developmental rats. Methods Fifty 3-week-old weaning SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding, and were fed with tap water （TP） , natural water （NW）, purified water （PW）, natural mineral water 1 （NMW1） and natural mineral water 2 （NMW2） respectively. The animals were allowed free access to food and water for 13 weeks. After the end of the experiment, the levels of bone metabolic markers in the serum separated from the abdominal aorta were determined by ELISA. The left femur was collected for micro-CT scanning, three-dimensional reconstruction and biomechanical test. The indexes with homogenous variance were compared with single factor analysis of variance, and the relationships between the indexes were analyzed with Spearman correlation. Results The osteocalcin （OC） level was significantly lower in the PW group than the TP, NMW1 and NMW2 groups （P 〈0.05）. The intensity of bone trabeculae was significantly stronger in the NMW1 and NMW2 groups than the NW and PW groups, with obviously lower ratio of bone surface/volume （BS/BV, P 〈 0.05）. There were no significant differences in the other indexes. The OC level showed strong positive correlation with total dissolved solids （TDS）, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, and K＋（r 〉 0.5, P 〈 0.05）. The BS/BV ratio had strong negative correlation with TDS, Ca2 ＋ , Mg2＋ , and K ＋ （r 〈 -0.5, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion There are no significant differences in the bone growth between the developmental rats drinking tap water and natural water. The bone growth is lower after drinking purified water, but drinking mineral-rich natural waters is beneficial to the growth. OC level and trabecular bone strength are more sensitive to water quality.