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中文摘要：
从患病花鳗鲡（Anguilla marmorata）的肝脏分离纯化到一株革兰氏阴性杆菌HM2。人工感染试验结果显示,HM2具有较强的致病力,96h的LD50为9.98×10^7CFU/mL。经细菌培养特性、生理生化特性和ATBExpression半自动细菌鉴定仪鉴定,结果符合肺炎克雷伯菌（Klebsiella pneumoniae）的特征。以细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物进行PCR扩增,获得大小为1393 bp的部分16S rRNA基因序列（Genbank登录号为JX282908）,将所测序列与GenBank中的序列进行BLAST比对并构建系统进化树,结果表明其与肺炎克雷伯菌的同源性最高（100%）,在系统发育树上与肺炎克雷伯菌聚为一簇,进一步确定菌株HM2为肺炎克雷伯菌。药物敏感性试验显示,HM2对亚胺培南、链霉素、阿米卡星3种药物敏感,对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢噻吩、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、复合磺胺、磺胺甲基异恶唑/甲氧苄啶、利福平、萘啶酸、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、呋喃妥因、四环素、多西环素、氯霉素17种药物具有耐药性。研究结果为指导临床合理用药提供了科学依据。
英文摘要：
A strain of gram-negative bacteria,named HM2,was isolated from the liver of a diseased Anguilla marmorata.The LD50of 96h was 9.98×10^7CFU/mL.HM2 was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae according to its culture specific and physio-biochemical characteristics as well as ATB Expression systematic identification.By using the general primers of 16S rRNA,the gene fragments were amplified by PCR with a size of 1393 bp（GenBank No.JX282908）.The amplified gene was sequenced and compared with those related sequences in GenBank and the phylogenetic tree was constructed on the basis of the sequencesof 16S rRNAs.The BLAST result showed that HM2 had the highest homologies（100%）,with sequence of K.pneumoniae,and the phylogenetic tree result revealed further that this strain clustered together with K.pneumoniae.On the other hand,the results of artificial infection experiments revealed that HM2 had a strong ability of the diseases induction.By testing with twenty antimicrobial agents,HM2 was found to be with high sensitivity to imipenem,streptomycin and amikacin;while it was resistant to seventeen other antimicrobial agents,including ampicillin,amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,cefalotin,ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,cefoxitin,sulfonamides,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,rifampin,nalidixic acid,ciprofloxacin,norfloxacin,ofloxacin,nitrofurantoin,tetracycline,doxycycline and chloramphenicol.The guidelines for the rational use of drugs are urgently needed to prevent the progress of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture in future.
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