中文摘要：

为了探讨溶液作为制配透明土材料的可行性与稳定性,并为相关模型试验选用提供参考依据,针对二水溴化钙、焦磷酸钾、磷酸钾、六水氯化镁4种水溶型无机溶液和一种油溶型有机溶液（15号白油与正12烷混合物）,系统测定折射率、黏度系数与溶液质量比之间的关系;采用目前模型试验中常用的溴化钙溶液、15号白油与正12烷混合物两种典型孔隙液体进行了孔隙液体对橡皮膜变形和抗拉强度、孔隙液体对透明土中固体颗粒材料的影响试验。试验结果表明,无机溶液折射率随质量比的增大呈线性增长,而黏度系数随着质量比的增大呈非线性增长;相同条件下溴化钙溶液和15号白油与正12烷混合物浸泡后橡皮膜长度变化率约分别为0.47%和37.81%,宽度变化率约分别为-1.09%和40.50%,抗拉强度分别降低约14.0%和89.4%;孔隙液体对熔融石英砂的影响较对无定形二氧化硅的影响要小,15号白油与正12烷混合物对固体颗粒的影响与溴化钙溶液基本相当。

英文摘要：

In order to verify the feasibility and stability of pore fluids used to manufacture transparent soil and provide references for relevant transparent soil model tests,the relationships of the refractive index and viscosity coefficient with the mass ratio of the solution were determined for four water-based inorganic solutions（ calcium bromide, potassium pyrophosphate,potassium phosphate,and magnesium chloride hexahydrate） and one oil-based organic solution（ the mixture of mineral oil No. 15 and dodecane）. The calcium bromide solution and the mixture of mineral oil No. 15 and dodecane are two typical pore fluids in model tests. Experiments on the influence of the two pore fluids on the size deformation and tensile strength of latex membrane and solid granular particles were carried out. The results show that the refractive indices of the water-based inorganic solutions linearly increase with the mass ratio of the solution,and the viscosity coefficients nonlinearly increase with the mass ratio. Under the same conditions,the length change rates of the latex membranes after being immersed in the calcium bromide solution and the mixture of mineral oil No. 15 and dodecane are 0. 47% and 37. 81%,respectively,their width change rates are-1. 09% and 40. 50%,respectively,and their tensile strengths decrease by 13. 5% and 89. 4%,respectively. The effect of the pore fluids on the fused silica sand is smaller than that on the amorphous silica. The effect of the mixture of mineral oil No. 15 and dodecane on the solid particles is basically the same as that of the calcium bromide solution.