中文摘要：

为揭示人-车-路相互作用机理及交通各要素对行车安全性的影响规律,预测行车风险的动态变化趋势,建立了人-车-路闭环系统的＂行车风险场＂统一模型。模型从场论思想出发,提出＂行车风险场＂新概念,用＂行车风险场＂表征人-车-路各要素对车辆行驶安全性造成的风险度,其中包含由道路中机动车、非机动车等运动物体决定的＂动能场＂、道路环境要素决定的＂势能场＂和驾驶人个体特性决定的＂行为场＂。最后利用行车风险场模型对1个典型行车环境进行风险场计算,实现了行驶车辆受多种交通要素影响风险大小的判断。研究结果表明：与现有行车风险评估方法相比,＂行车风险场＂考虑了人-车-路因素对行车安全的综合影响,为复杂环境下行车风险评估和车辆主动控制提供了新的判决依据。

英文摘要：

To reveal driver-vehicle-road interaction mechanism and their influence laws on driving safety and to predict dynamic change trend of driving risk,a unified model on driving risk field of drivervehicle-road closed-loop system was constructed.Starting from field theory,a new concept,driving risk field was proposed,which was used to represent the driving risks caused by drivers,vehicles and roads.A kinetic field,which was determined by moving objects on roads,such as motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles,apotential field,which was determined by road environment factors,and a behavior field,which was determined by the driver＇s individual characteristics were included in the model.Moreover,the model＇s application in a typical car-following scenario was illustrated,which evaluated the risks caused by traffic factors.The results show that compared with the existing driving risk evaluation methods,the driving risk field can consider the synthetic influences of driver-vehicle-road on driving safety.In addition,the model can provide a new foundation for driving risk evaluation and active vehicle control under complex traffic environment.