中文摘要：

为了研究氩霜对氦气与氢气的混合气体竞争吸附的特性，设计并搭建了一套低温实验台，该实验台主要包括液氦恒温器、吸附室和气体缓冲室，能实现氩霜在低温下对纯氦气、纯氢气以及两种气体的混合物的吸附特性的研究。从理论上分析了液氦恒温器的热力性能，预冷恒温器低温部分所需液氦为35．3L，系统漏热为7．1092W，稳定运行时液氦耗量为9．8L／h。为了验证本实验台的可信度，以氦气为吸附质气体，研究了氩霜在液氦温度下对其吸附的吸附特性，通过与文献实验数据的对比，表明该实验台在低温下研究氩霜对不同气体的吸附研究是可信的。

英文摘要：

An experimental apparatus was set to study competitive adsorption behavior of helium and hydrogen on argon frost. It was composed of a helium cryostats, an adsorption chamber and a gas buffer. This apparatus can be used to study adsorption characteristic of pure helium, pure hydrogen and mix gas on argon frost. The thermal characteristic of helium cryostats was calculated. 35.3 litres liquid helium was con- sumed to precool the cryogenic part of cryostats. The heat loss of the apparatus was 7. 109 2 W. The con- sumption rate of liquid helium was 9.8 L/h during operation. The adsorption characteristic of pure helium on argon frost under liquid helium temperature was studied to verify the reliance of this apparatus. The ex- perimental results were compared with literature and showed that this experimental apparatus is reliable to study the process of gas adsorption on argon frost.